CCTV News:Baoji-chengdu railway is the main artery connecting northwest and southwest. Because of the early completion of the line and low grade, how to deal with the extraordinary flood peak has become the number one problem for the railway department. On the morning of July 11th, due to the heavy rainfall in Sichuan, the water level of the Fujiang River in Mianyang City rose sharply, and the Fujiang Bridge on the baoji-chengdu railway was in danger of being washed away by the flood.

　　　　　　 On July 11th, the K283 train was delayed by 7 hours due to heavy rain.

　　　　　　 On July 11th, a large number of passengers in Chengdu Railway Station refunded their tickets and changed their visas.

　　　　　　 On July 11th, Mianyang Works Section was blocked.

　　　　　　 It turned out that Mianyang section of baoji-chengdu railway was blocked by heavy rain, and the water level of Fujiang River rose sharply. No one thought that this would be a catastrophic flood once in 50 years.

　　　　　　 Xu Xingwu, section chief of Mianyang Works Section of China Railway Chengdu Bureau Group Co., Ltd.: "I have worked for so many years, and I know that the maximum flood discharge of this bridge was 8000 cubic meters per second, so it exceeded 50% yesterday (11th)."

　　　　　　 Railway bridges generally have two water levels, the lower of which is the speed limit water level. Once the blocked water level is reached, you can’t drive. How to deal with dangerous situations is a test for railway public works workers. They know very well that the Fujiang Bridge on the upstream line has been built for more than 60 years, and the lightness of steel beams will become a fatal shortcoming in the face of floods.

　　　　　　 Xu Xingwu: "The main span is a steel beam bridge, because it is light in weight, and its resistance to lateral force is poor, just like building blocks. If you put a force on the building blocks to hold them down, it will not be easy to push them down."

　　　　　　 Who will press and how? Everyone has the same idea. Lu Minghui, deputy section chief of Mianyang Works Section of Chengdu Bureau Group Co., Ltd. of China Railway, said: "For the special flood, our flood control office has formulated a plan to deal with the catastrophic flood."

　　　　　　 Xu Xingwu: "We have to take unconventional measures and adopt ‘ according to our own experience and basic principles. Heavy trucks press the bridge ’ The way to stabilize this bridge. "

　　　　　　 Seeing the rising water level, it is urgent to make decisions as soon as possible. However, it is not easy to make a decision to "weigh the car against the beam".

　　　　　　 Shi Guangde, director of the dispatching office of Chengdu Railway Bureau Group Co., Ltd., said: "The first thing we consider is the personal safety of locomotive crew and engineering technicians, and the second thing we consider is whether the weight of the loaded freight train can meet the carrying capacity of this line bridge."

　　　　　　 After more than ten minutes of difficult and careful research, the dispatching office officially ordered. The train is over 45 knots, loaded with ballast, weighing 4,000 tons, and the bridge is crushed by heavy vehicles!

　　　　　　 Lu Minghui: "The water level is about one meter away from the bottom of the beam, and there are basically no large floating objects in the upper reaches, so we decided to put the car in the past."

　　　　　　 There are four drivers driving these two trains, both born in 1990s. It is the first time for them to cross the Fujiang Bridge at a constant speed of less than 10km/h..

　　　　　　 Zhang Qiang, driver of Chengdu Locomotive Depot of China Railway Chengdu Bureau Group Co., Ltd.: "This task has never been encountered before, and it must be tense. It was a heavy-duty train pulled at that time. If the operation is not stable, it will have a great impact on the bridge deck, and the flood impact may make the bridge collapse."

　　　　　　 Usually, the speed limit of freight trains passing through Fujiang Bridge is 80km/h, but the speed should not exceed 10km/h, and in case of heavy load, the starting and braking must be stable to reduce the impact on the bridge. It’s a bit like threading a needle. It has to be accurate. In addition, the freight train used this time is also called "railway special ballast unloading vehicle" in the industry. Recently, Mianyang Works Section is undergoing line overhaul, and the ballast unloading vehicle is parked near Mianyang, so it was put in use at the first time. However, when the car crossed the bridge, thorny problems followed.

　　　　　　 When the car got off the bridge, everyone didn’t relax, and everything was just beginning. At 12 noon, the water level reached its peak.

　　　　　　 Xu Xingwu: "We are most worried and scared when we have started to scour the bearing. Of course, there is a heavy-duty train and a heavy-duty train of more than 4,000 tons on the bridge at this time. We feel that the problem should not be too big."

　　　　　　 However, news came from the upstream that a large number of floating objects were washed into the river. When did they arrive here and how to deal with them? Everyone’s heart was in their throats.

　　　　　　 It is not only the public workers who are highly nervous, but also the four drivers in the locomotive have been on standby during the six hours of bridge pressing.

　　　　　　 Chen Long, driver of Chengdu Locomotive Depot of China Railway Chengdu Bureau Group Co., Ltd.: "Our locomotive stayed in a safe zone after crossing the bridge. The locomotive is equivalent to being in operation all the time, which means that the car has not turned off." Zhang Qiang, driver of Chengdu Locomotive Depot of China Railway Chengdu Bureau Group Co., Ltd.: "If the flood continues to rise, it will cause certain danger to the bridge deck, and we will also drive the car out immediately."

　　　　　　 At 4: 30 in the afternoon, the flood peak receded, and the train left the scene. The driver’s work came to an end temporarily, but in the hands of the public works workers, the last security line before opening to traffic was still being held.

　　　　　　 Xu Xingwu: "There is still a lot of follow-up work, mainly inspection and monitoring, especially whether there is any damage to the internal structure of the pier and whether its foundation is washed."

　　　　　　 After inspection, it was confirmed that baoji-chengdu railway began to return to normal traffic 8 hours after the heavy car pressed the beam.

　　　　　　 Shi Guangde: "The decision to use freight trains to press beams also provides a scientific basis for later decision-making."

　　　　　　 Xu Xingwu: "A soldier’s greatest contribution to the country is not sacrifice but victory. I think we can win if we can keep this bridge!" "

　　Zhongxin. com, January 18 th At the end of the year and the beginning of the year, the winter vacation is coming. While everyone is enjoying the holiday, the safety issue cannot be ignored. What are the safety matters that need to be paid attention to when studying in school, practicing practice and traveling during holidays? Yesterday, Weibo, the official of the Information Office of the Ministry of Education, issued the "Safety Guide for College Students’ Winter Holidays", reminding college students to beware of illegal organizations such as pyramid schemes, choose regular recruitment/part-time websites, and pay attention to personal information protection.

　　Detention safety article

　　When staying in school during the holiday, students should know the arrangement of logistics service during the winter vacation in advance, and strengthen the study of safety knowledge such as fire prevention, theft prevention, fraud prevention and food hygiene, and strengthen the awareness of safety prevention.

　　Guard against stealing, robbing and cheating

　　Lock the dormitory doors and windows when you go out, take care of your valuables, and especially don’t lend your documents to others easily. Don’t store a lot of cash or leave valuables in the dormitory or on your body.

　　Prevent problems from not "burning"

　　Pay attention to the safety of electricity use, turn off the power in time when you leave the dormitory, do not go to bed with computers and appliances, do not pull and connect wires in the dormitory, do not use high-power appliances, and do not make a fire in the dormitory to prevent winter fires. Call 119 as soon as possible because of an electric fire.

　　Abide by dormitory management regulations

　　Don’t stay with the opposite sex and foreigners, don’t rent out beds to others, and don’t store flammable and explosive materials.

　　Pay attention to the safety of daily life

　　Keep the dormitory environment clean and tidy, and dry clothes and bedding frequently; Indoor ventilation should be frequent to promote air circulation and prevent diseases. Pay attention to keep warm and cold, exercise diligently, ensure nutrition, avoid overeating and pay attention to food hygiene.

　　Healthy and civilized internet access

　　Rational use of the network, reasonable arrangement of time, not indulging in the network; Beware of online fraud and abide by online ethics; Protect property safety, don’t indulge in online games and video games, and don’t contact or participate in unfamiliar online games, live broadcasts, QQ groups, WeChat groups and post bars.

　　Practice safety article

　　During the holidays, many students choose to find internships, but the peak season of winter internship is also the peak of fraud. At the same time, college students should protect themselves and guard against being cheated.

　　Choose a regular recruitment/part-time website.

　　College students must log on to the official recruitment website and be wary of "employment agencies" and "employment agencies". Before submitting their resumes, they must inquire about the company’s relevant information and judge its authenticity.

　　Pay attention to the protection of personal information

　　Some personal information on your resume need not be too specific, such as mailing address, but should focus on your work experience. Be alert to all kinds of telecom fraud and online fraud, and report to the police in time when problems are found.

　　Beware of illegal organizations such as pyramid schemes.

　　Be alert and stay away from pyramid schemes, which usually have one or more of the following characteristics: when you join the club, you are told that one of your duties is to develop more people; Pay an expensive membership fee; Many people are in high spirits in the workplace. If pyramid schemes are identified, college students should immediately stop working and call the police in time.

　　Take care of your finances

　　When you go out for an internship, you should not carry too much cash with you, leaving only a small amount of pocket money. Generally, you should not give your luggage to someone you don’t know.

　　Choose a regular lodging place.

　　If you want to stay in a hotel or guest house with a business license and regular management, you can give valuables to the service desk for safekeeping, don’t go out alone at night, lock the doors and windows when you sleep, and don’t sleep in a room with strangers.

　　Choose tutoring through formal channels.

　　Looking for tutoring through schools, acquaintances and formal intermediaries, we should not trust small advertisements and other unidentified tutoring information. The first time you go to a student’s home to give a lecture, please be accompanied by your classmates, and then get to know the parents of the students before you can continue on the basis of ensuring safety. When you go out as a tutor, you must tell your classmates the other person’s home address and telephone number, and tell them the time to return to school, in case of other circumstances, you can contact your classmates in time.

　　Travel safety articles

　　The winter vacation is coming, and I believe many college students have arranged travel plans. Although travel is full of novelty, it is inevitable that there will be security problems. Therefore, whether traveling together or going home for the New Year, students must do a good job in safety protection.

　　Don’t put valuables in conspicuous places.

　　When traveling, it is best not to carry a lot of cash and valuables, and the backpack must be placed in a conspicuous field of vision, or given to a companion.

　　Take a legally qualified vehicle.

　　When choosing a chartered car service for travel and tourism, you should choose vehicles and drivers with legal operation qualifications, and don’t take the "black" bus that attracts tourists privately. If you are in doubt about the condition of the vehicle, you can ask the transporter to show relevant certificates. Don’t take an illegal "black" bus because of greed and cheapness.

　　Do not take overloaded and overcrowded vehicles.

　　Don’t go out in vehicles that are overloaded and mixed with passengers and goods. Vehicle overload seriously affects the braking and handling performance of vehicles, and is prone to safety accidents such as brake failure. For your own safety, you must not take chances and take overloaded vehicles because of preferential prices and quick arrival.

　　Minimize going out in bad weather.

　　In winter, freezing, rain and snow are frequent, and the road surface is slippery. Travel should check the weather of the destination in advance, reduce going out in severe weather such as fog, rain and snow, and pay attention to safety.

　　The mobile phone must be kept open.

　　Before leaving school, you must inform the counselor, roommates and parents of your personal whereabouts and contact information, and keep the communication tools open so that you can find out in time and help solve the problem.

　　Beware of overly enthusiastic strangers.

　　Do not trust strangers’ words and deeds, and do not drink or eat strangers’ drinks and food easily; Don’t casually accept strangers’ bags, buy tickets, look after things and other help. For college students who are not deeply involved in the world, it is indispensable to guard against others.

　　Communication security article

　　With the coming of winter vacation, college students need to be alert to high-incidence telecommunication network fraud such as booking fraud, online shopping refund and high-paying recruitment. What are the characteristics of these frauds? Learn with Xiaobian.

　　False booking

　　Criminals use portals to make fake web pages of online booking companies, publish false information such as booking air tickets and train tickets, and lure victims into being fooled by lower fares. Later, he asked for another remittance to commit fraud on the grounds of "incomplete identity information" and "frozen account number".

　　Refund of online shopping goods

　　Criminals took advantage of college students’ online shopping for a large number of goods during the Spring Festival, pretending to be online shop customer service staff to make phone calls or send text messages and falsely claiming that the goods taken by the victims were out of stock and needed a refund, demanding bank card numbers, passwords and other information to commit fraud.

　　High-paying recruitment

　　Criminals take advantage of students’ eagerness to practice during the winter vacation, and recruit online staff such as online shop customer service staff, typists, and people who brush traffic through the Internet with high salaries to commit fraud on the grounds of paying deposits and deposits.

　　Loan installment shopping

　　Criminals send short messages in groups, saying that they can provide loans or purchase goods by installment for those who are short of funds, with low monthly interest rate and no guarantee. Once the victim believes it, the other party will commit fraud in the name of prepaid interest, deposit, etc., and will face high interest if it fails to do so.

　　online game

　　Criminals use online games to buy and sell game coins and equipment. After defrauding players’ trust, players are allowed to send money offline, and they will not trade after they get the money. Criminals post information on the game forum, get the remittance and game account provided by the player, and embezzle it together with the account for a day or two.

　　Tips

　　　 Source: Oriental Morning Post　

Profile photo: On the afternoon of May 24, 2006, the Shanghai traffic police towed the accident vehicle away from the scene of the accident.

　　 Yesterday (17th), after the article "Judicial Appraisal Says Shanghai Audi Car Crashes Nine People in a Row Due to Driver’s Illusion" went online, some netizens questioned the judicial appraisal that "the driver was in a’ delusional outburst’ at the time of the crime". To this end, the reporter once again investigated this incident.

　　　　At 5: 30 pm yesterday, Min Yinlong, director of the Judicial Appraisal Center of East China University of Political Science and Law, was interviewed by a reporter in the office of the center, and showed the reporter the appraisal certificate of Huazheng Forensic Medicine [2006] No.086 with more than 5,000 words made on June 10.

　　　　"In the afternoon, we received a lot of phone calls from readers, and some of them hung up without waiting for us to speak." Min Yinlong said, "There must be something fishy in it", "What background does this guy have" and "Aren’t you afraid of smashing your own brand in this appraisal?" He was puzzled by the speculation and accusations that came upon him.

　　　 　About judicial expertise

　　　 Not disturbed by other factors

　　　　"The appraisal of this case was entrusted by Huangpu Public Security Bureau to evaluate Li Wei’s mental state appraisal and criminal responsibility ability. We have never received so-called’ special instructions’ and’ greetings’, nor have we been under any pressure, and the identity background of the appraiser is nothing special." Min Yinlong said. The reporter saw that the appraisal book showed that Li Wei, a 33-year-old appraiser, was from Harbin, with a junior high school education, and an employee of a real estate company in Shanghai.

　　　　Min Yinlong told reporters that the judicial appraisal of mental illness includes five major parts: the entrusted institution States the general situation of the incident; Family members, etc. provide a summary of the medical history of the appraiser; Inspection: the appraiser communicates with the appraiser, judges his reaction ability according to the response, investigates the relatives, friends, neighbors and colleagues of the appraiser, and understands his interpersonal relationship, life and work, etc. Explain the test results according to the comprehensive analysis of objective indicators; Finally, the appraisal conclusion is made.

　　　　"If you have any objection to our appraisal conclusion, you can apply to the Municipal Judicial Appraisal Expert Committee for review." Min Yinlong said that in this case, the Legislative Affairs Office of the Municipal Public Security Bureau also made a special trip to the center to learn about the situation from two forensic experts.

　　　　"Such a major case is not a joke." Yesterday afternoon, Qian Yulin, the chief physician of the case appraiser who was on a business trip in Anhui, repeatedly said in an interview with reporters on the phone, "There is no interference from other factors in the appraisal process, and we have never brought any affair."

　　　　Qian Yulin said that the general judicial expertise has two or three pages and about 1,000 words, while the expertise in this case has six pages and more than 5,000 words, and the final appraisal conclusion has also been recognized by the entrusting organ Huangpu Public Security Bureau.

　　　 　About the identity of the driver

　　　 Really a full-time driver

　　　　Yesterday, after many investigations, the reporter found that Li Wei is 33 years old, from Harbin, with a junior high school education. By 2005, he had been working in Harbin without military service. After coming to Shanghai this year, I have been working in Shanghai Xintianyuan Real Estate Company as a boss’s full-time driver.

　　　　According to the ID card provided by Li Wei, his home address in Harbin is No.6, North Qidao Street, Anyang, Daoli District, Harbin. The reporter contacted the Kang ‘an Police Station of Harbin Public Security Bureau again, and the other party said that the address had been relocated as early as 2003. At present, a commercial house named "Haifu Kangcheng" has been built here. The original residents are in the process of moving back, but Li Wei’s family cannot be directly contacted.

　　　　Identification basis: the driver of the accident was delusional and was chased and called 110.

　　　 Qian Yulin, the chief physician of the appraiser in the case of "Audi car hitting 9 people in a row", said that Li Wei’s appraisal was jointly completed by him and Qin Shiyong, the deputy chief physician. Qian Yulin, 66, has more than 20 years of practical experience in psychiatric judicial expertise, and Qin Shiyong, 70, has also been engaged in this expertise for more than ten years.

　　　　"He is a very typical severe mental patient." Qian Yulin recalled to reporters a lot of incredible, ambiguous and even logically contradictory fragments in his communication with Li Wei.

　　Constantly searching his girlfriend’s hair and nails

　　　　According to the analysis in the fourth part of the appraisal report, Li Wei became a full-time driver of a company boss after coming to Shanghai. One week before the incident, Li unreasonably suspected that his girlfriend was taking drugs, constantly searched his girlfriend’s hair, nails, etc., and rummaged through the car where his girlfriend had been sitting and the place of residence to search for drugs. He inexplicably suspected that drugs were hidden between the cracks in the floor tiles, and because of his girlfriend’s walking posture, facial expression, toilet use time and other daily details, he unreasonably inferred that she was taking drugs and firmly believed it.

　　　　Illusion girlfriend sent someone to kill herself.

　　　　According to the analysis, on the day of the crime, Li Wei began to be nervous because he couldn’t dial his girlfriend’s cell phone and the phone number of his residence. He suspected that his girlfriend knew that he was taking drugs and reported the case to the public security organ, which was not good for him. Then, Li Wei began to feel that there were many motorcycles and cars following him while driving, so he was highly nervous and afraid. He thought that his girlfriend had assigned others to follow him and his personal life was greatly threatened.

　　Dare not drink mineral water

　　　　The appraisal also excerpted the work of Huangpu Public Security Bureau on June 2: "… During the trial, Li Wei asked for water, and the police immediately used disposable cups to get him a cup of pure water, but he said that there was sediment in the water and he could not drink it. The police changed the second cup for him, but he still thought there was something in the cup and didn’t want to drink it. To this end, the police bought two bottles of mineral water for him. Before he opened the bottle cap, he carefully looked at the light, and at the same time squeezed the mineral water bottle to see if there was any leakage, and he was reluctant to drink mineral water. "

　　I dialed 110 when I was "hunted"

　　　　In the process of identification, one detail was considered the most critical by Qian Yulin: Li Wei once said that he had called 110 while fleeing. Three times before and after, he claimed that he was being chased by others, and he was very scared and asked for more police to protect him. The police record of Public Security 110 was indeed consistent with his description.

　　background for news stories

　　　　What is "paranoia"

　　　　Professor Zhu Rongshen, director of psychiatry and medical psychology in the first clinical department of Tongji University School of Medicine, gave the concept of "paranoia" yesterday: it is a distorted belief, pathological reasoning and judgment based on pathology. Although these beliefs and reasoning judgments do not conform to the education level of patients, patients firmly believe in them and cannot be persuaded or corrected by personal experience and experience.

　　　　"Sudden attack" is a selective attack, and the patient is completely normal when he is outside the delusion core. Therefore, the disease belongs to a deeply hidden mental disease that is difficult for patients to find under normal circumstances.

　　　　Professor Zhu once received such patients. He told reporters that such people are prone to auditory hallucinations and hallucinations. Even some people think that they are being tracked by satellite positioning system, and the delusions are generally related to personal experience, social and cultural background. Lee? /Chen Chaoqun

　　If you are mentally ill, you will lose your driver’s license.

　　　　The reporter learned from the relevant departments that according to the relevant regulations, anyone who suffers from mental illness and other diseases that hinder the safe driving of motor vehicles can’t get a driver’s license, and after a normal person gets a driver’s license, his driver’s license will also be cancelled.

　　　　According to the provisions of Article 22 of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, people who suffer from diseases that hinder the safe driving of motor vehicles are not allowed to drive motor vehicles. After a normal person suffers from mental illness, first of all, the driver and his family should contact the traffic control department in time. "This is also a guarantee for the safety of himself and others", and the traffic management department will cancel his driver’s license in time to prevent traffic safety from being affected. When the police find abnormal situations in the course of duty, they will also check the driver to ensure the driver’s safe driving.

　　　　In addition, according to the relevant regulations of the Ministry of Public Security, motor vehicle drivers need to go to the traffic control department under the jurisdiction of the driver’s license for regular inspection. The contents of regular inspection of motor vehicle driver’s license by public security traffic management department are: the physical condition of motor vehicle driver and the accumulated points of traffic violations. (Reporter Yang Jiehe and Zhang Ling Gu Wenjian Cheng Jia)

Editor: Chang Yan

　　editpersonaccording to

　　Examinations have always been the most worrying thing for students. For college students, the performance not only represents the academic level, but also is an important basis for future research or employment. In order to get satisfactory results, students not only hope that the teacher can "draw the key points", but also hope to be lenient when judging the papers … …

　　But for teachers, the mood when marking papers is by no means as simple as leaving no mercy. Recently, the reporter received a letter from a university professor, complaining about the "suffering" during the final exam. Although it has been a holiday, many jumps in the students’ papers, perfunctory answers, lackadaisical language expression, logical analysis, and even the "blank space" under the exam questions still make him sigh.

　　Is what the professor said a common phenomenon? What problems are mapped out in a paper? It’s the school season again, and I hope that this year’s questioners and respondents can make real efforts to complete a satisfactory answer sheet.

　　[Letters from readers]

　　Shock wave behind a final exam paper

　　Li Mingliang, Professor of International Business School of Tianjin Foreign Studies University.

　　I have been teaching in the university for more than ten years, and at the end of each semester, I will face a serious psychological shock — — Suffer from the "torment" of the final exam. This "suffering" is not only a physical test, but also a mental torture. At the end of almost every semester, I have to read at least 200 or 300 papers by myself. These "final exam works" from students of different majors and grades are not only hard to see refreshing, serious and beautiful writing, but also jump and answer casually, and the language expression and logical analysis are indifferent. There are even many papers that leave a lot of worrying blanks. A teacher once told me that some students couldn’t answer the questions, so they simply drew a smiling face in the blank space under the examination questions, and then wrote a kind word praising the teacher, as if to please the teacher or win the teacher’s sympathy, hoping that the teacher could be "merciful."

　　As we all know, examination has its unique functions of evaluation, detection, diagnosis, guidance, feedback and encouragement, which cannot be replaced by any other teaching link. The final exam is not only a final assessment and systematic evaluation of students’ learning situation of various courses since one semester, but also a process check of professional teachers’ teaching effect and teaching quality. Generally speaking, the total score of the current assessment courses in colleges and universities is comprehensively evaluated according to the usual scores and final exam scores. Among them, the usual scores include quizzes, homework, class discussions, course papers, attendance, etc. The final score is the final closed-book exam paper score, and their respective weights are different in each school. But on the whole, most colleges and universities stipulate that the final grade accounts for 50% ~ 70% of the total grade. In addition, some colleges and universities also stipulate that there should be no less than four kinds of questions in the final examination paper of each course, and the number of questions is moderate and the difficulty is moderate, which should basically ensure that candidates can complete it within 90 minutes. In this way, the test questions of many courses are limited to noun explanation questions, multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blank questions, short-answer questions, discussion questions, case analysis questions or calculation questions. Students also follow this logic year after year to review the "exam-oriented". In colleges and universities, there is also an unwritten "rules of the game". Teachers will divide the students into a general examination range at the end of the term to give each other a "reassurance". Otherwise, students will be at a loss and don’t know what to review;Teachers will also be worried that candidates will "fail in a large area" and the failure rate is too high, which will not only affect their personal teaching reputation, but also lead to tension between teachers and students; Seriously, it may also be held accountable by the teaching authorities, and even ultimately affect the annual performance appraisal and professional title promotion of teachers.

　　From this point of view, the curriculum assessment in our colleges and universities is really not limited to a final examination paper. This is not only related to the relationship between teachers and students, teaching, examination, evaluation and management in colleges and universities, but also related to the talent training mode of higher education, especially the quality of talent training. In fact, for many years, we have been advocating the separation of teaching and examination, calling for the separation of teaching and examination, and teachers do not participate in the final examination of their courses, including setting questions, invigilating, marking papers, scoring and quality analysis; Instead, a set of examination management system with complete rules and regulations including examination database, automatic proposition, marking, grading, examination analysis, score management and so on is established. College curriculum examination should not blindly emphasize theory over application, knowledge over ability, results over process and grades over feedback, but should be adjusted to pay more attention to students’ innovative ability and practical ability, and realize a comprehensive evaluation system with comprehensive evaluation contents, diversified subjects, diversified methods and dynamic process. However, in reality, colleges and universities still have a long way to go in order to build a scientific, comprehensive and reasonable evaluation system and its mode reform.

　　This holiday, Wang Li, a sophomore in a university in Shanxi, didn’t have an easy time. "There are two exam results that haven’t come out, and I’m particularly worried that I can’t pass them. Because I didn’t answer the last two big questions, my paper score is definitely not enough. I pray that the teacher can make my usual grades higher." For these two grades, Wang Li basically brushes the school website every day, and often chats with his classmates to "pray for blessings". "There are still a few days before school starts, and we will know the result soon."

　　Liu Zhengdong, Wang Li’s classmate, told the reporter, "I had a hunch that I would fail two exams, and finally I went to the teacher to plead with him, hoping that he would hand ‘ Song ’ Point, the final result is quite satisfactory, all 60 points, just passed. " Looking at the results haven’t come out yet, Liu Zhengdong advised Wang Li to send a message to the teacher and get in touch with "feelings", so maybe he could pass the exam on the line. "After all, many students didn’t answer well."

　　1. "Everything will be fine if you don’t fail."

　　Are the examination papers of college students really so casual and so "vulnerable"?

　　"No matter which school, there are schoolmasters, but to be honest, if there are no goals such as insurance research that explicitly require credit scores, many students are in line with ‘ Just pass the exam ’ The mentality to cope with the exam. I usually don’t listen to lectures in class, I leave homework from the Internet, review all night before the exam, and everything will be fine without failing. " Zhu Wenshuo, a college student in Beijing, told reporters.

　　"The examination questions of many courses are nothing more than noun explanation questions, multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blank questions, short-answer questions, essay questions and so on." Fan Hui, a college student in Hunan, is a liberal arts student. In his view, liberal arts exams are usually relatively easy. "As long as you can remember the knowledge points, you will definitely get similar results. Especially the following essay questions, as long as you have a general understanding of this course, you can write the paper full and make sense, and the basic score will not be bad. "

　　A college teacher who has been engaged in teaching for many years read this sentence repeatedly after seeing it. "I can’t say a lot, but there are some papers that have such problems. When students don’t know what to answer, they will simply list or analyze some concepts of this course, lack basic logic, and even answer irrelevant questions. Because the students know that as long as I answer this question, the teacher will give some points. "

　　However, there is also a college teacher who believes that the college exam is to condense the task of assessing students’ knowledge into a test paper. "Therefore, teachers often ask questions fairly well, and students only need to write out what they think is the most correct. We can’t ask all students to keep a cutting-edge and in-depth understanding of a certain knowledge."

　　2. Who is responsible for the "dull" test paper?

　　Then, in the face of some "plain" answers that are difficult to make people shine at the moment, we should think deeply. What is the problem?

　　In this regard, Mo Leiyu, an associate professor at China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) School of Management, believes that there are three reasons: First, the academic level of students is uneven now, and it is difficult to unify the measurement standards; Second, due to the school regulations, some colleges and universities have specific proportions for the failure rate of course assessment; Third, under the baton of postgraduate entrance examination, students are utilitarian, and many students do not attach importance to courses that are not directly related to postgraduate entrance examination.

　　Chen Peng, director of the Department of Communication at Nankai University, said that sometimes, in order to "standardize" and facilitate management in a uniform way, educational management departments will require teachers to take exams according to certain prescribed formats, forms and even contents, sometimes they have formulated strict procedures for exams, and sometimes they even put forward some requirements for exam results. "For example, I have learned that the education management departments of many universities will require teachers to take exams in some form, which will facilitate the final filing management; Sometimes students’ grades are required to present an approximate normal distribution, otherwise they are considered to have problems in the exam; Sometimes teachers’ grades are questioned, and in order to be consistent with their standards, teachers are required to lower or raise their grades. In the final analysis, it is still to cope with teaching evaluation. " Chen Peng said, "As an important link in teaching, examination evaluation should respect the laws of education and teaching and be set by teachers, and should ensure that teachers are in the professional field according to professional standards, academic standards and teaching objectives ‘ Discretion ’ 。”

　　"Just because the test papers answered by students are relatively dull does not mean that there is something wrong with the test itself." Some experts said that examination may not be the best way to assess, but as far as the current situation is concerned, there is no better way to test learning, supervise learning and complete evaluation. He believes that the negative impact seen at present is by no means from the examination mechanism itself.

　　Chen Peng said: "Exams and grades are the intersection of students and teachers in knowledge dissemination. Different understanding of the role of knowledge in the educational process and life path leads to different understanding of exams between teachers and students and between different students. However, if there are courses, there will be exams, because every course needs quality evaluation and effect test, and it is necessary to innovate in ways and methods. "

　　3. How to get the true level in the exam?

　　Kun Wang, a student of a university in Beijing, was deeply impressed by a small innovation in an ordinary exam. She told reporters that in the final exam of English listening course last semester, in addition to the regular British accent, there was also a Japanese accent in her listening materials. "Although it is indeed difficult to distinguish, it is inevitable to encounter this kind of communication situation in practical application. After several years of professional courses, it is necessary for us to exercise our ability to eliminate all kinds of interference factors."

　　"We all know that exams are very important, but we often ignore the significance of exams." Kun Wang said that when we take exams just for the sake of exams, the effect will naturally be greatly reduced.

　　"The meaning of the exam is to know what progress students have made and what students have gained through the study of the course ‘ Value-added ’ , to what extent ‘ Value-added ’ ; Discover the shortcomings of students’ learning process and find out which aspects of students have failed to achieve the expected learning effect, so as to provide targeted and targeted help to students. " Professor Xie Xiaoqing, former director of beijing language and culture university Institute of Educational Measurement, said.

　　Then, how to make the exam play a greater role and make the exam get the true level?

　　In Mo Leiyu’s view, the examination can be analyzed in detail, such as dividing the examination into two parts, setting a unified national examination method for the basic knowledge part, and stipulating a bottom line that students of this major must reach. If it is not reached, the basic knowledge is not mastered. "Now there are many channels for students to acquire knowledge, but most of them are fragmented and difficult to connect, so it is still necessary to systematically examine the basic knowledge. Non-single answer questions involving creative and divergent thinking can be flexibly assessed by interviews and other means. "

　　Xie Xiaoqing emphasized: "The knowledge test mainly examines the memory of specific professional knowledge. This kind of memory knowledge can often be completed with the help of online search, which is easy to dampen students’ interest in learning. The ability test mainly examines those psychological characteristics that have a wide influence and are relatively stable. This kind of test has obvious effect on improving students’ overall quality. At the same time, the ability test is not easily affected by the surprise preparation, and can accurately reflect the students’ real learning level. "

　　(Our reporter Jin Haotian, our correspondent Jiang Jiaqian)

　　Huang Qifan believes that the huge annual real estate transaction volume of 16 trillion to 17 trillion will surely become a historical turning point, and the future market will gradually shrink.

　　About 97,000 real estate enterprises are gradually entering the deep-water period of transformation. With the implementation of measures such as deleveraging and stabilizing finance, China’s real estate sector will enter the "second half" era of stock management.

　　"Overall, the era of China’s real estate in short supply is over." Huang Qifan, vice chairman of China International Economic Exchange Center, said at the World Chinese Real Estate Society held on July 13th, "The huge annual transaction volume of real estate in China is bound to become a historical turning point, and the market will gradually shrink in the future; Therefore, in the next decade, I predict that the real estate growth rate will not be higher than China’s GDP and M2 growth rate, but it will not fall too fast and will enter a stage of steady growth in an all-round way. "

　　How should real estate enterprises with an average debt of more than 80% go into battle lightly? "Learning from the experience of developed countries, in fact, financial transformation is also crucial for housing enterprises." Wang He, secretary-general of the World Chinese Real Estate Society, said, "The transformation of real estate enterprises should start from the financial field, such as REITs (real estate trust and investment funds) to reduce the burden on enterprises."

　　At present, nearly 100,000 real estate enterprises registered in industrial and commercial registration have become the epitome of China’s real estate development in the first half.

　　According to Gao Bo, director of the Center for Urban and Real Estate Research of Nanjing University, the development of real estate has contributed to GDP, promoted the process of urbanization, promoted land finance and housing finance, and reduced financial risks. Only by taking the modernization of the housing system as a prerequisite can the real estate industry really do it.

　　For example, in 2018, the added value of the real estate industry in the United States accounted for about 13.2% of GDP. In the first three quarters of the same year, the added value of real estate in China was about 4.36 trillion, accounting for 6.69% of GDP.

　　There is no doubt about this step of transformation. How to turn? Many experts in the research field believe that on the one hand, it is necessary to shift from extensive expansion strategy to refined operation, on the other hand, enterprises need to fundamentally change their financial model.

　　"The transformation of real estate enterprises should pay attention to ‘ Lianggao ’ That is, high quality and high technology. " Jia Shenghua, director of the Real Estate Research Center of Zhejiang University, said, "High quality means that housing enterprises should return to their final purpose of residence, not quantitative expansion; High technology means that more technical means need to be integrated into the development and management of houses. "

　　"REITs are like an IPO of an office building, and the share can be transferred, traded and distributed." Hu Feng, a senior director of dtz and head of the North China District Valuation and Consulting Service Department, told the First Financial Reporter, "It is equivalent to sharing this building. If you buy a share, you can enjoy the benefits of the share. This share can be transferred and transferred, so the assets will flow."

　　According to the First Financial Reporter, Ping An Real Estate, Poly Real Estate, Xuhui and Longhu have also stepped in since CITIC, the first private equity REITs in China, was launched in May 2014. According to the data of Industrial Securities, as of May 12 this year, 48 REITs have been issued in China, with a total amount of 93.42 billion yuan.

　　The REITs research group of Guanghua School of Management, Peking University estimates that the market size of REITs in China is about 4 trillion to 12 trillion.

　　Liu Qiao, dean of Guanghua School of Management, Peking University and professor of finance, believes that REITs will probably become one of the most important starting points for China’s financial system reform or supply-side reform in the next few years.

　　Liu Qiao also wrote in CBN that REITs are not limited to real estate. At present, the problem of financing difficulty and high cost for enterprises in China, especially private enterprises, has been very prominent. The introduction of REITs is conducive to reducing systemic financial risks and promoting the development of real estate industry and upstream and downstream industries.

　　"If the capital operation in previous years was to borrow money to get land, then in the second half of the stock management era, we must calm down and operate our assets well." Chen Xiaoou, independent director of Yuexiu Real Estate Trust, told the reporter, "We are providing asset management services for Chengdu Luhu Eco-city, such as business format and asset sorting, and later asset securitization."

　　In the era of stock management, in addition to residential real estate, building economy will also become an important carrier to adjust industrial structure.

　　According to Zhu Jianhui, head of the research department of Jones Lang LaSalle in West China, "At present, the building economy is also operating under the dual-track background of urbanization and urban renewal; We also found two characteristics: first, the demand side of building transformation mostly comes from technology-driven enterprises such as we work and incubation centers; Second, real estate buildings such as Joy City began to build amusement parks, maternal and child rooms, etc., paying more attention to the humanistic value brought to consumers. "

　　The quality transformation of housing enterprises under the empowerment of many technologies has gradually landed nationwide. In other words, housing enterprises really began to bid farewell to the extensive and expansive development model in the past, focusing on social services that are people-oriented and meet domestic demand.

　　How does technology drive the development of cities and real estate? According to Wang Yeqiang, director of the Land Economy and Real Estate Research Office of the Institute of Urban Development and Environment of China Academy of Social Sciences, on the one hand, smart cities should be built through technologies such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing and big data to meet the needs of residents’ production and life; On the one hand, infrastructure and industrial informatization should be highly developed.

　　Some large real estate enterprises are integrating big data and Internet of Things into residential management and services.

　　Wu Zhihua, CEO of Greentown Service Group, said, "Take a certain community as an example, the proportion of elderly people over 60 years old is 10.98%, and the proportion of second children in the community is higher than the national average; Through this kind of analysis, we have laid out the services of children’s education, nutrition and rehabilitation for the elderly in the community. At present, 130,000 people have established health records on our platform, and 400,000 elderly users are enjoying paid chronic disease management services.

　　Small and medium-sized housing enterprises choose to cut in from low energy consumption and green ecological technology. "The core of real estate is still the residential industry, and this cannot be lost. The reason is that it can develop rapidly and standardize, and because it has a large market consumer group and belongs to popular products, it has strong anti-risk ability. " Li Biao, chairman of yueda Real Estate Group Co., Ltd. said, "In addition to paying attention to building quality, scientific research and development is also our strength."

　　Previously, Jinmaofu attracted much attention in the industry because it proposed 12 black technologies (to meet residents’ comprehensive household needs such as air, temperature, humidity and noise), and the average price of its housing in Hongkou, Shanghai New Town was about 102,000/square meter.

　　"We already have the 12 major scientific and technological systems of Jinmaofu, and we have a clear understanding of ourselves, that is, to be an expert in quality life operation." Li Biao told the First Financial Reporter, "In addition to residential technology research and development, looking further, we are developing projects around the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations (such as Suzhou, Nantong and Yancheng)."

　　Some real estate big data companies have already quietly laid out. "According to more than 50 major industries involved in real estate, we divided the data into eight thematic directions, including transaction end, residential security end and residential service end." Yan Zhimin, chairman of Hangzhou Zhongfang Information Technology Co., Ltd. told the First Financial Reporter.

　　"For example, in Fuyang, which is more than 20 kilometers away from Hangzhou, the price of a parking space in a certain community reached 800,000, but the house price in the community was around 10,000. At that time, the people and the media were very controversial; Therefore, we assisted the government to make a data analysis and look at the reasonable reasons according to the floor price and market environment. In the future, data-based disaster reduction, shock absorption, escape, etc. will be used to ensure residential safety. " Yan Zhimin added.

　　Seimi Zhang, June 4 (Xinhua) Recently, the word "stall economy" has been completely popular, and the number of related Weibo topics has exceeded 600 million. Many places have set up vendors’ standard points to encourage the development of stall economy.

　　Set up vendors’ standard points in many places to develop stall economy

　　According to incomplete statistics, up to now, there are at least Shanghai, Jinan, Nanning, Zhengzhou, Nanjing, Chengdu, Hefei, Xiamen, Shaanxi, Liaoning, Jiangxi, Gansu, Changchun, Hangzhou, Changsha, Shijiazhuang, Nanning, Qingdao, Yichang, Huanggang, Deyang, Panzhihua, Guang ‘an, Nanchong, Ziyang.

　　Data map: stall economy. Zhongxin jingwei photo

　　Ying Xiwen, head of the macro-regional research team of the People’s Bank of China think tank, pointed out in an interview with Zhongxin Jingwei client that the stall economy has always been a "gray zone" in China’s urban economy, and its existence has certain rationality, which has alleviated the employment pressure to a certain extent, promoted the development of the tertiary industry, and at the same time activated the market and stimulated economic development.

　　Zhang Zhixin, an associate professor at the School of Urban Economics and Public Administration of Capital University of Economics and Business, told the client of Zhongxin Jingwei that liberalizing the development of stall economy can meet people’s consumption demand, especially during the epidemic period, stall economy brings convenience to people’s shopping, and at the same time increases the fireworks in the city, which also meets the current requirements for epidemic prevention and control.

　　The first Shanghai Nightlife Festival was launched on June 6th.

　　On June 3rd, the press conference of Shanghai Municipal Government revealed that Shanghai will hold the first Shanghai Nightlife Festival from June 6th to June 30th. Create a new image of night Shanghai with fireworks, Shanghai flavor, fashion trend and international style.

　　In addition, recently, Shanghai Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau formulated and issued the Guiding Opinions of Shanghai Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau on Optimizing the Business Environment, and Shanghai will support the development of new consumption formats. Promote the economic development of the night market, cooperate with local governments and relevant administrative departments to scientifically set up the night market, guide the night market to implement the management subject and implement merchant autonomy. Support specialty stores to carry out "external placement" operation, and implement refined management of external placement time and placement scope.

　　Jinan proposes to develop "small store economy"

　　On June 2nd, Liu Yanqiu, director of Jinan Municipal Bureau of Commerce, said at the press conference held by Jinan Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government that Jinan would rationally release the street stall economy, and vigorously develop the night economy, promote consumption transformation and upgrading, and increase jobs by upgrading the IP brand of the night economy, cultivating the theme blocks of the night economy, holding special activities of the night economy, and building the brand of the night economy and culture.

　　Jinan also proposed to develop "small store economy", optimize the access process of "small stores", shorten the time limit for examination and approval, and guide various formats to extend business hours; Support catering stores to increase snack categories and rest places to increase consumers’ stay time; Moderately allow businesses to make personalized shop signs, shop signs, beautiful Chen and street artists to sing, and increase the employment opportunities of urban residents.

　　Nanning makes it clear that minor violations of urban management laws and regulations will not be punished.

　　On June 2nd, the headquarters office of "Beautiful Nanning Clean, Smooth and Orderly Action" issued "Guiding Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Services such as Occupation Management, Road Market and Mobile Vendors", which came into effect on the 2nd and is valid until December 31st this year.

　　The "Opinions" clarify that in order to protect the economy, temporary stalls are allowed to be opened near residential concentrated areas to guide self-produced and self-sold farmers and mobile vendors to regulate their operations; Encourage the use of idle areas inside and outside the community, set up temporary stalls, and where conditions permit, set up the morning market and night market. The "Opinions" also make it clear that enterprises and operators will not be punished for minor violations of relevant laws and regulations on urban management due to their production and business activities. In principle, no booth fee, booth rent and other fees will be charged to operators and mobile vendors who occupy the roads in permitted areas.

　　Demonstrative zones of night economic agglomeration are arranged around Zhengzhou.

　　On June 2nd, Zhengzhou issued "Opinions on Implementing People-Centered Development Thought and Doing Better Work for the People", in which it was mentioned that each county (city, district) and development zone should rationally arrange one or two demonstration zones of "night goods, night shopping, night appreciation, night tour and night health" and hold one or three night economic theme activities. To carry out the selection of night economic activities in counties (cities, districts) and development zones, the municipal finance will reward the top three with 1 million yuan, 800,000 yuan and 500,000 yuan respectively.

　　On the evening of June 2, Zhengzhou Jiankang Road Night Market was very lively. Zhongxin jingwei photo

　　In addition, all counties (cities, districts) and development zones in Zhengzhou should clearly plan their distribution, implement management measures, make full use of public places such as squares and parks and idle land, and set up bazaars and characteristic flea markets according to the principles of fixed time, fixed place, fixed format, fixed expenses and fixed management.

　　Nanjing added 1,410 temporary outside stalls.

　　On May 1st, Nanjing Urban Management Bureau issued "Guiding Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Service Management of Temporary Outside Stalls during Epidemic Prevention", requiring that obvious signs should be set up in temporary outside areas, stalls should be numbered, business items, business hours and safety tips should be publicized, and garbage should be collected separately at the site.

　　On the basis of the existing 3,400 temporary stalls, Nanjing Urban Management Bureau added 134 temporary external stalls in the city this year. The area, scale and time period of setting up temporary external stalls in this opening need to be reviewed by the urban management departments of all districts. The urban management law enforcement department will resolutely investigate and deal with illegal acts such as occupying roads and unlicensed mobile stalls.

　　Chengdu plans a more elaborate stall policy version 2.0

　　On March 14th, Chengdu issued "Chengdu Urban Management Five Permits and One Persist in Coordinating Epidemic Prevention and Control to Help Economic Development". On the premise of ensuring safety, not occupying blind roads and fire exits, not infringing on the interests of others, and doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control, cleaning and sanitation, it is allowed to set up temporary stalls, allow street shops to operate outside the door, allow large shopping malls to carry out occupation promotion and allow mobile vendors to sell. As of May 28th, Chengdu has set up 2,230 temporary road stalls and stalls, allowing 17,147 temporary crossing points and 20,130 mobile vendors, increasing employment by more than 100,000 people.

　　According to the Chengdu Urban Management Committee, Chengdu is planning a more precise and precise version of the policy 2.0, so as to realize the organic unity of standardized and orderly occupation of roads, clean and tidy city environment, convenient and fast life for citizens, more active urban consumption and stronger market atmosphere.

　　Hefei stalls are divided into "forbidden areas" and "diversion areas"

　　The setting area of Hefei stalls is divided into "forbidden area" and "diversion area". Among them, the "forbidden area" refers to the main roads, window units, squares, bridges (including footbridges), underground passages, the periphery of office areas, the entrance and exit of the campus within 100 meters, and other areas where stalls are not allowed to be set up as stipulated by laws and regulations. In addition to the forbidden areas, the areas outside the forbidden areas shall be demarcated by the district governments and development zone management committees and announced to the public without affecting the lives of citizens and traffic, and shall be standardized and managed according to the standards.

　　There are 37 stalls in the "grooming area" to provide convenience for the public. In addition to 37 temporarily defined stalls, there are some seasonal or temporary convenience stalls in Hefei, mainly including watermelon temporary sales outlets, breakfast carts, kiosks and so on.

　　Xiamen has been trying out the "booth" since 2019.

　　Since June last year, the trial of "booth" has been carried out, and 50 "booth" of various types have been built in Xiamen, providing 1150 booths. In addition to the autonomy of business households, urban management and law enforcement departments also cooperate with relevant responsible units to do a good job in food safety and environmental sanitation management at these "stalls".

　　Xiamen Urban Management and Law Enforcement Bureau said that it will further communicate and coordinate with relevant departments, make full use of idle venues, roads with few cars, beaches, etc., and establish flea markets, gourmet streets, fruit markets, etc. in a time-limited manner to bring more mobile vendors into orderly management.

　　For the first time at the provincial level in Shaanxi Province, the "Four Permits" for occupying roads were put forward.

　　On May 27th, Shaanxi Province issued a notice, proposing that "street shops in urban areas should be allowed to operate without affecting pedestrian access and ensuring safety, large shopping malls should be allowed to occupy the road for promotion, temporary stalls should be opened in residential areas, and mobile vendors should be allowed to occupy the road for operation at a certain time and area". This is the first time at the provincial level in Shaanxi Province that the "four permits" on the occupation of roads have been put forward.

　　At the same time, Xi ‘an plans to set up 100 vegetable morning markets, 100 night market barbecue centralized management areas and 100 temporary food stall sites this year.

　　Spreading economic related topics into hot search professional households

　　Source: Weibo screenshot

　　In the past few days, Weibo topics such as # Street Economy # # Urban Management called vendors to set up stalls # # Street Cars # have been on the hot search list. As of 23: 30 on June 3, the reading volume of # Street Economy # Weibo topic has exceeded 630 million, with more than 100,000 discussions.

　　Source: Weibo User Comments Screenshot

　　Spread the economic fire all over the country, all over the network. Netizens have said: "It is suggested that every city should leave some places for stalls, not sneaking stalls but civilized stalls, which will not affect traffic and the environment, but also increase income." "Stalls, night markets, so fireworks, like it." "The stall is really convenient and affordable and gives the community a sense of life."

　　Source: Weibo User Comments Screenshot

　　At the same time, netizens have also given advice to the economic development of the stalls: "The bottom line of maintaining hygiene, exclusive areas and food safety should also be adhered to." "It is allowed to set up stalls, but it can’t be arbitrarily placed, and a new harmonious and win-win economic order will be established." "Don’t overdo it, don’t be across the board."

　　Expert: Letting go of the stall economy does not mean letting go of responsibility.

　　During the development of stall economy, it is inevitable to cause some urban management problems, such as sanitation and pollution, traffic congestion, noise disturbing people, insecure commodity quality and safety, social security and tax evasion.

　　The essay suggests taking this opportunity to solve the long-standing problem of standardizing stall economy in one fell swoop. The first is to register and manage the practitioners in the stall economy. The second is to limit the space and time of operation to avoid affecting traffic. The third is to strengthen the control of health pollution and establish an emergency management system for epidemic prevention. The fourth is to set up a service quality supervision mechanism to protect consumers’ rights and interests. The fifth is to improve management efficiency with the help of Internet thinking, such as online application, registration and tax filing.

　　Zhang Zhixin said that letting go of the stall economy does not mean letting go of the responsibility, nor does it mean giving up the law. In terms of food safety, environmental pollution and other aspects related to the vital interests of the people, urban law enforcement departments must investigate reports, investigate violations and enforce the law strictly. But at the same time, we should avoid overcorrection and one size fits all. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

　　"When we enter the fourth year of the pandemic, we are definitely in a much better situation now than a year ago." Tan Desai said that at the peak of the Omicron epidemic, more than 70,000 deaths were reported to WHO every week. By last October, the number had dropped to less than 10,000, which was close to the lowest level since the COVID-19 pandemic.

　　On January 27th, Geneva time, the World Health Organization (WHO) held the 14th meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR) Emergency Committee on the COVID-19 (Covid-19) pandemic to discuss and evaluate whether the current COVID-19 pandemic still constitutes a public health emergency (PHEIC) of international concern. After the meeting, WHO Director-General Tan Desai will make a final decision according to the recommendations of the Committee. The relevant results are expected to be announced as early as January 30th.

　　Three years ago, on January 30, 2020, WHO announced that the new coronavirus epidemic was a public health emergency of international concern, and issued the highest alert level of United Nations agencies. On March 11th of that year, WHO declared that the COVID-19 epidemic constituted a global pandemic.

　　Thereafter, every few months, the emergency committee will hold a meeting to discuss whether the COVID-19 pandemic meets the standard called "public health emergencies of international concern". The 13th recent meeting was held on October 13th, 2022, and the outcome of the meeting still maintained the global emergency in COVID-19.

　　According to the binding international treaty "International Health Regulations", public health emergencies of international concern need to meet three standards: serious, sudden, abnormal or unexpected; It may spread across national boundaries; It may require a coordinated international response.

　　At the press conference held on December 14th last year, Tan Desai expressed the hope that "COVID-19 pandemic will no longer be a public health emergency of international concern" in 2023. According to reports, the criteria for ending the global emergency in COVID-19 will be discussed at the meeting of the WHO Emergency Committee in COVID-19 in January 2023.

　　Does the current epidemic in China affect the decision?

　　On January 27th, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus made an opening speech at the meeting of the Emergency Committee in COVID-19, summarizing the current global epidemic situation.

　　"When we enter the fourth year of the pandemic, we are definitely in a much better situation than a year ago." Tan Desai said that at the peak of the Omicron epidemic, more than 70,000 deaths were reported to WHO every week. By last October, the number had dropped to less than 10,000, which was close to the lowest level since the COVID-19 pandemic.

　　However, he pointed out that since the beginning of December last year, the number of deaths reported every week in the world has been rising. The lifting of restrictions in China has led to a sharp increase in the death toll in the world’s most populous country. "Last week, nearly 40,000 people reported to WHO died, more than half of them from China. In the past eight weeks, more than 170,000 deaths have been reported. The actual number is definitely much higher. " At present, WHO has updated the relevant data page (WHO COVID-19 Dashboard) to include the cases and deaths reported in China in recent weeks.

　　Global data of infections and deaths in Covid-19. Source: WHO official website

　　Margaret Harris, a WHO spokeswoman, told Caixin that on January 26th, 2023, China reported more cases and deaths to WHO. From December 9, 2022 to January 23, 2023, more than 87 million cases and more than 75,000 deaths were reported in China (excluding Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR and Taiwan Province). With these additional data, the cumulative number of cases worldwide has increased from more than 664 million to more than 751 million. The cumulative global death toll has risen from more than 6.7 million to nearly 6.8 million.

　　Harris said that China CDC issued additional announcements on January 15th, 21st and 25th, but the data shared were not classified by date, so WHO could not include them in the report. When asked to what extent the information provided by China will affect the decision on whether to lift the state of emergency, Harris only said, "The Committee has reviewed all relevant global data on the issues under consideration."

　　According to the website of China CDC, from December 8, 2022 to January 26, 2023, there were 78,960 cases of Covid-19-related deaths in hospitals nationwide, including 6,473 cases of respiratory failure caused by Covid-19 infection and 72,487 cases of basic diseases complicated with Covid-19 infection.

　　Professor Zhang Style, head of the Department of Epidemiology and tenured professor at UCLA School of Public Health, recently said in a column that considering the future development and control of COVID-19 infection and severe death in China, it is unlikely that WHO will decide to terminate the state of emergency of "public health emergencies" at the meeting at the end of this month. He estimated that if COVID-19 infection and severe death in China were effectively controlled, WHO would declare the end of the state of emergency within this year. However, the possible sequelae caused by COVID-19 need to be further studied and effective methods should be adopted to prevent and treat them.

　　Countries adjust epidemic prevention policies

　　In his speech on January 27th, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus pointed out that there are still the following challenges:

　　Vaccines, treatments and diagnostic methods are essential to prevent serious diseases, save lives and reduce the pressure on health systems and health workers. But the global response is still faltering, because in too many countries, these powerful life-saving tools have not yet reached the people who need them most — — Especially the elderly and health workers.

　　Many health systems around the world are struggling to cope with COVID-19, in addition to taking care of patients with other diseases, including influenza and RSV, as well as health workers who are short of work and exhausted.

　　At the same time, the global monitoring and gene sequencing have declined sharply, making it more difficult to track known mutations and detect new mutations. Constant errors and false information are weakening the public’s trust in safe and effective COVID-19 control tools.

　　Liu Shansi, a Chinese virologist at Ohio State University and an academician of the American Academy of Microbiology, said in a recent interview with a reporter from the Science and Technology Department that the toxicity of Omicron has been weakened recently, which can be considered as a change from pandemic to endemic. "The overall trend of virus evolution is that the pathogenicity is getting weaker and weaker, although it will increase at some stages." He pointed out that it is still necessary to be alert to cross-population transmission in Covid-19 and gene recombination in Covid-19, but as long as this kind of situation does not occur, he hopes to see WHO announce the end of COVID-19’s "global pandemic" in 2023.

　　In response to public health emergencies of international concern, WHO will issue a set of action suggestions to countries, including: strengthening surveillance to identify new cases, isolating cases and quarantining contacts; Take measures to screen at borders, airports, ports or entry points; Inform the public about the risks of the disease and the additional protective measures that individuals can take; And if there is no vaccine at present, additional research may be needed to develop treatments or vaccines.

　　A few days ago, Japan and South Korea have successively adjusted their epidemic prevention levels or related epidemic prevention policies.

　　On January 27th, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare announced that Covid-19 would be downgraded to "Category 5" in the Infectious Diseases Law on May 8th. After the change, the observation time of infected people and close contacts will be cancelled, and medical care will be transformed into a normal system in stages. In addition, it is up to the individual to decide whether to wear a mask indoors or outdoors.

　　On January 20th, Korean Prime Minister Han Dezhu presided over an epidemic prevention meeting to discuss the adjustment of the indoor mandatory mask order. On January 30, the South Korean government announced that from now on, only people are advised to wear masks indoors, and it is no longer mandatory. The Korean government mask order was completely lifted after more than 27 months. However, medical institutions, pharmacies, high-risk places, public transport carriages, etc. will continue to maintain the obligation of indoor masks. For five high-risk situations, Korean epidemic prevention departments strongly recommend wearing masks.

　　The government of China has also adjusted the infection of the new coronavirus from "Class A tube" to "Class B tube" from January 8th. Isolation measures will no longer be implemented for Covid-19 infected people, and close contacts will no longer be judged; No longer delimit high and low risk areas; No longer take quarantine and infectious disease management measures for entry personnel and goods. The detection strategy is adjusted to be willing to check and check.